Region affected
Cervical spine
Common in
Any age, typically post-MVA
Onset
Acute (post-trauma)
Related conditions
Neck Pain, Cervicogenic Headache, Facet Joint Syndrome
Whiplash is a soft tissue injury to the cervical spine caused by a sudden acceleration-deceleration force, most commonly from a rear-end motor vehicle accident, though it can also occur from sporting collisions, falls or other sudden impacts. The rapid, uncontrolled movement of the head and neck places significant stress on the cervical discs, facet joints, muscles, ligaments and sometimes the nerve roots, resulting in a range of symptoms that typically develop within 24 to 48 hours of the incident.
Whiplash is classified using the Quebec Task Force grading system, from Grade 0 (no complaints or physical signs) through to Grade 4 (fracture or dislocation). Most presentations seen in physiotherapy are Grade 1 to 3 – involving neck pain, stiffness, restricted movement and in some cases neurological symptoms.
Whiplash is caused by sudden, uncontrolled cervical movement. Common mechanisms include:
Symptoms often appear within hours to days of the incident and may include:
Whiplash is caused by sudden, uncontrolled cervical movement. Common mechanisms include:
Symptoms often appear within hours to days of the incident and may include:
At The MSK Studio in Adelaide, management in the acute phase focuses on maintaining cervical movement, reducing pain and addressing the guarding patterns that develop when pain causes people to hold the neck still for prolonged periods. Progressive strengthening of the deep cervical flexors and scapular stabilisers forms the basis of rehabilitation as symptoms settle.
See our neck pain physiotherapy service below:
Related Conditions